Constant factor mechanism



4 Sheets-Sheet 1 B D I] F. A. DEUTSCH EI'AL CONSTANT FACTOR MECHANISM DEIEIEI EIEIUD Filed Oct. 4, 1957 OOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOO E OOOOOOOOOO #OOOOOOOOOO E @0000 G06 IN VEN TORS. FP/rz A. 05011901 110127? E b'izvas ATIOF/YEX April 1961 F. A. DEUTSCH ET AL 2,980,324

CONSTANT FACTOR MECHANISM Filed Oct. 4, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TORS. 212; A. DEI/IJCI! MRHN E HENES April 1961 F. A. DEUTSCH ETAL 2,980,324

CONSTANT FACTOR MECHANISM 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 4, 1957 IN VEN TORS. libnz A. 0:07:70 my 1. Jen/5.5

; States 2,980,324 Patented Apr. 18, 1961 CONSTANT FACTOR MECHANISM Fritz A. Deutsch, East Orange, and Martin E. Henes,

Denville, N.J., assignors to Monroe Calculating Machine Company, Orange, N.J., a corporation of Dela-- Ware Filed Oct. 4, 1957, Ser. No. 688,363

9 Claims. (Cl. 23579) This invention relates to calculating machines and more particularly to such machines provided with factor storage mechanism.

Patents 2,531,205 and 2,531,207, issued to Herman Gang, November 211, 1950, disclose a calculating machine adapted to perform multiplication and provided with multiplier storage wheels out of which a stored multiplier is counted to control the cycling of the machine in multiplication. As set forth in said patents, a multiplier set on the keyboard of the machine is entered into the storage wheels in a two cycle set-up program in response to depression of a suitable key. The machine also includes means, selectively controlled by a manually operable lever, which provides for a constant factor multiplier whereby the storage devices, after being counted back to zero in a multiplication operation, can be restored to the previously set multiplier value following the calculation. To enter a constant factor multiplier, the multiplier must be entered into the multiplier storage mechanism with the constant factor lever in unset position since the latter disables the set-up mechanism when in operated position. After entry of the multiplier, the lever must then be manually adjusted to set position for constant factor operation.

If it is subsequently desired to change to a different constant factor, the lever must again be manually adjusted to unset position to disable the constant factor mechanism and permit operation of the multiplier set-up means. The storage mechanism must then be cleared of the previous value as bythe time-consuming method of initiating a multiplication program wherein each order of the storage mechanism is successively counted back to i zero. Thereafter, the new multiplier is entered and the control lever manually restored to active position.

In accordance with the present invention, means are provided whereby the multiplier storage mechanism may remain adjusted for constant factor operation and the constant factor value changed, merely by setting the new value on the keyboard and initiating a multiplier set-up operation. As described in detail hereinafter, during the first pant of the set-up operation the old value will becleared from the storage mechanism in a single cycle of operation, and during the latter part the new value will be entered as the desired constant factor.

ltis therefore an object of the invention to provide im proved factor storage mechanism.

It is a more specific object to provide factor storage iechanism which is cleared during a factor set-up operation.

It is a further object to provide multiplier storage mechanism which is cleared as an incident to entry of a multiplier therein.

It is an additional object to provide constant factor storage mechanism which can be set to a new constant factor value in simplified fashion with aprevious con stant factor standing therein.

It is a further object toprovide constant factor multiplier storage mechanism whose constant factor digital setg Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a calculating machine embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 22 of Fig. 1 showing the carriage and keyboard.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary right side elevation showing the carriage and part of the fixed body portion of the machine.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken through the subcarriage, showing the pawls for holding the multiplier storage wheels and gears in adjusted position, and the cams for releasing the pawls.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of the right-hand end of the carriage showing the multiplier storage and constant factor mechanism, the resetting means therefor, and the drive train for the resetting means.

Pig. 6 is a vertical section taken on line 66 of Fig. 5 showing a multiplier storage wheel and the constant factor centralizing spring therefor.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary plan view showing the righthand end of the multiplier storage wheel shaft and the resetting comb supported thereon.

Fig. 8 is a sectional View taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary exploded rear perspective View showing the multiplier resetting mechanism and the drive train therefor.

For the purposes of the present disclosure the invention is shown as applied to a calculating machine of the type disclosed in the patents herein referred to. To the extent that it is practical to do so, parts of the instant machine which correspond to like parts of said patents are similarly numbered, and reference is made to said patents for details of construction not completely described in this specification.

The machine is of the general type disclosed in patents 2,531,205, 2,531,206, and 2,531,207, all issued to Herman Gang on November 21, 1950, and includes a body portion 10- having the usual keyboard 10a and a main carriage 2 transversely shiftable relative thereto. Mounted in the main carriage 2 are a product dividend (or accumulator) register comprising numeral wheels 13, multiplier quotient (or counter) wheels 85, and a subcarriage 525 iongitudinally shiftable relative to said main carriage and carrying multipiier storage wheels 524.

Amounts set up on differential actuating gears 5 (Fig. 2) by means of value keys 13 and selector bails 19 are registered upon the numeral wheels 13 either additively or subtractively according to the direction of rotation of the actuator shaft 4 and the shaft 154 upon which the tens transfer members 17 are mounted. Actuator shaft 4- wiil be rotated counterclockwise for addition and clock- I ferential gear drive constructed as described in Patent 1,5 66,650, issued to George O'Chase, December 22, 1925. .K Wheels $5 and 13, and keys 18 can be cleared by depression of clearout keys 4'65, 457, and 466 respectively.

I MULTLPLIGATION As described in, detail in Patent 2,531,207, multiplication is carried out as follows. .The multiplieris first set on the keyboard and is then entered into themultiplier storagewheels 524' in response to depression of multiplier entry key $26 (Figs. 1, 3). Thereafter, the multiplicand is set up on the digital actuators 5 by depression of the appropriate value keys 18, and the multiplication program initiated by depression of key 5&7. The main cars riage 2 is in its extreme left-hand position at the beginning of the calculation as shown in Fig. 1, and is shifted toward the right as each successivehigher order multiplier digit is counted out of the storage wheels 524.

The denominational series of multiplier storage wheels 524- (Figs. 2, are located at the front of subcarriage 525 and are fixed to gears 536 to the left thereof by suitable rivets. Wheels 524 and gears 535 are rotatably mounted as units on sleeves which are provided with gears 537 integral therewith and located to the right of said wheels. Gears 537 are normally held in fixed relationship to wheels 52 4 by centralizing springs 533 (Fig.

6) whereby gears 537, wheels 524, and gears 536 are normally adapted to be rotated as units on a shaft 20 rotatably mounted in and extending the length of subcarriage 525. Located to the rear and in constant mesh with gears 536 are the multiplier storage gears 540 which are rotatably and slidably mounted on shaft 527 Storage wheels 5-24 and gears 540 are held in adjusted position by click pawls 693 (Figs. 4, 5) pivotally mounted on shaft 29 and located to the left of gears 536. Click pawls 653 are biased clockwise in Fig. 4 by a spring 694 extending the length of subcarriage 525 and threaded through suitable openings in the partition plates 525a thereof and said pawls are provided with square lugs 693a extending laterally from the ends thereof and adapted for engagement with the teeth of storage gears 540. Said pawls 6% thus constitute spring urged detent means for the gears 540. Cams 695 are splined on shaft 527 and in normal position allow engagement of the lugs of pawls 693 with storage gears 540. However, as will be described, when carriage'Z is rocked in any one of the clearout operations, shaft 527 and cams 695 are rocked clockwise to the position shown in Fig. 4 thereby rocking pawls 693 counterclockwise and out of engagement with gears 540. t

The multiplier storage devices are adapted for operation in connection with the control of a program of multiplication in which the set storage devices are successively counted back to zero. Such a program of multiplication is fully disclosed in the aforementioned Patent 2,531,207. The particular multiplication control means, however, which operate in the counting out of the storage devices forms no part of the invention and the invention is therefore not restricted to use with the mechanism disclosed in said patent.

As set forth in Patent 2,531,207, storage gears 540 are provided with rightwardly extending hubs 541 terminating in enlarged end portions. The hubs 541 are provided with notches 542 which are adapted for registration with fingers 543 which are pivotally mounted on the respective partition plates 525a of subcarriage 525. When a value is set in a storage wheel 524 and gear 540, the cooperating finger 543 will ride on the periphery of hub 541 and when the storage wheel and gear stand at zero, the finger will be urged into the notch 542. The storage wheels 524 and gears 540 are successively counted back to zero by counting finger 626 (Fig. 2) starting with the rightmost wheel and gear with main carriage 2 in its leftmost position.

A bail 64$ pivotally mounted in the main body of the machine controls registration and right carriage shift. Depending arms of fingers 543, which are in contact with the respective hubs 541 of storage gears 540, are successively brought into registration with bail 641 which is spring urged in a clockwise direction. If there is a value in the storage gear, the arm of finger 543 will move bail 640 in a counterclockwise direction indicating registration. When the storage gear 540 is counted back to zero by finger 626, finger '543- will be brought into registration with notch 542 allowing bail 640 to be moved by its spring in clockwise direction to initiate a right carriage shift.

A second bail 641 pivotally mounted on the same shaft as and to the left of bail 640's'erves to stop the machine when the last (highest order) storage gear 540 containing a value is counted back to zero. Bail 641 is adapted for engagement with the depending arms of fingers 543 related to all of the storage devices to the left of the one in engagement with bail 64%. Thus if there is a value in any one of the storage gears, bail 641 will be held against the tension of a suitable spring in counterclockwise direction and the operation of the machine will continue, either for registration or carriage shift. Furthermore, bail 646 overlaps a portion of bail 641 and will therefore hold bail 641 in counterclockwise position if bail 64% is so held by finger 543', thus continuing the operation of the machine. When all of the storage devices, however, are counted back to zero, bail 641 will be allowed clockwise movement and the machine will be brought to rest.

MULTIPLIER ENTRY As described at length in Patent 2,531,206, a multiplier value set on keys 18 is entered into the multiplier storage wheels 524 and gears 540 in a program comprising two consecutive cycles of machine operation in response to depression of key 526. Depression of key 526 initiates a plus cycle immediately followed by a minus cycle. With the carriage 2 in its extreme left-hand position, the plus cycle will cause the values set on keys 18 to be registered on the accumulator wheels 13, and the minus cycle which follows will remove the value set in wheels 13 and simultaneously cause the value to be entered in the multiplier storage wheels 524 and gears 54%. The following is a relatively short description of the two cycle multiplier entry mechanism, a fuller description appearing in Patent 2,531,206 to which reference is made for details not herein described.

The subcarriage 525 is slidably mounted on shaft 52-7 located in the front of the main carriage 2, and is thus adapted for longitudinal movement relative to the main carriage. The subcarriage is coupled to the forward end of plate 531 (Fig. 5) of the main carriage. The plate 531 is spaced inwardly from the right-hand end plate of the carriage 2 and is pivotally mounted at its rear on a stud 532 fixed to said end plate. Stud '532 is of somewhat smaller diameter than the mounting hole of plate 531 and a retaining washer (not shown) on the stud is positioned a slight distance inwardly of the plate. Accordingly, the forward end of plate 531 together with the subcarriage 525 and the multiplier storage devices contained therein can be displaced to the left a short distance longitudinally of main carriage 2, the plate pivoting about stud 532 at its rear, against the urge of a suitable spring which normally maintains the plate (and therefore the subcarriage) in the right-hand position shown in Fig. 5.

The intermediate gears 544 (Figs. 2, 5), which are in constant mesh with the pinions 13a of the accumulator wheels 13, are rotatably supported in the main carriage 2 to the rear of subcarriage 525 upon shaft 534. The gears 544 are driven by intermediate gears 545 rotatably mounted on a shaft 546 extending between the side plates of the body of the machine, the gears 545 being driven by the digital actuators Sand the tens transfer actuators 17. The multiplier storage gears 540 are adapted to be meshed with the intermediate gears 544. However, when the 'subcarriage 525 is in its normal position to the right,

the multiplier storage gears 540 aredisposed a short distance to the right and out of mesh with the intermediate gears 544. Thus it will be seen that if a value set on keys 540 are brought into mesh with the intermediate gears 544 by a leftward displacementof subcarriage 525, t

value'registered on the wheels13 will be removed, there-- from and entered into the multiplier storage gears 545) and the multiplier storage wheels152 4 by a minus cycle of the machine}- 1 The foregoing functions are initiated and ccntroill in response to depression of multiplier entry key 526 (Figs. 1, 3). A trip member 551 pivoted to the stem of the key is provided with an upstanding hook portion which is normally positioned above and over a forward extension of the lower link of a normally set toggle 552, said lower link being pivotally mounted at its lower end in the fixed framing. The upper link of toggle 552 is pivoted at its upper end to the rearward end of a lever 553 which is pivotally mounted on a fixed stud 553a and is spring tensioned for clockwise movement. However, when toggle 552 is set, lever 553 is held in counterclockwise position with its rearward end raised as seen in Fig. 3. When key 526 is depressed, the hook portion of member 551 is brought downwardly into contact with the leftward extension of the lower link of toggle 552, rocking said link counterclockwise to break the toggle. When toggle 552 is broken, lever 553 is allowed clockwise movement under the urge of its spring, moving the rearward end of the lever downward.

Lever 553 is provided at its rearward end with a pin 559 which is adapted to drive a link 560 through a slot in the forward end of said link. The rearward end of link 560 is connected at a common point to cams 561 and see (Fig. 5) which are mounted in the body of the machine for rotation as a unit. The upstanding forward end of a slide 558 is normally urged forwardly by a suitable spring into engagement with pin 559. As set forth in Patent 2,531,206, slide 558 when so positioned serves to prevent leftward displacement of subcarriage 525 with main carriage 2 in extreme left-hand position. As pin 559 is lowered upon breaking of toggle 252, slide 558 is cammed rearwardly to ineffective position. Because of the slot connection with link 560, pin 559 is ineffective to drive said link during the first part of its downward movement. However, when pin 559 reaches the rearward end of the slot, link 550 is moved to the rear and thus rotates cams 561 and 562. In the manner described in the aforesaid patent, such rotation of the cams will be effective-provided that main carriage 2 is in leftmost position-to initiate the two cycle multiplier entry operation comprising a plus cycle of operation, a leftward shift of subcarriage 525, and a minus cycle of operation.

CONSTANT FACTOR MULTIPL'IER When the same multiplier is to be used a number of times in succession, provision is made for the return of the multiplier set in storage whels 524 and storage gears 540 during a clearout operation initiated after the completion of the calculation.

Multiplier storage wheels 524, gears 556 fixed thereon, and gears 537' having the stated spring connections 538 therewith are normally adapted to be rotated as units. The ends of centralizing springs 538 have driving attachment respectively with pins 524a and 537a extending inwardly from wheels 524 and gears 537. As viewed in Fig. 6, wheels 524 and gears 567 are biased in clockwise and counterclockwise directions respectively with the pins thereof in restraining engagement. It will be apparent, therefore, that if gears 537 are held against rotation, Wheels 524 may be moved in counterclockwise direction thus tensioning springs 538, and that if then wheels 5224 are released, springs 538 will drive said wheels back in clockwise direction to their original setting. During the calculation, storage gears 544) and wheels 524 will be held in successive position by pawls 693 as they are successively countediback to zero. At the conclusion of the calculation, operation of the clearout mechanismini- 'tiate'd eithermanually by depression of key Adi-donor 467 as in Patent No. 2,531,205, or automatically as in Patent No. .,2,53l,207includesthe conventional ste of raising the maincarriage 2 to unmesh the intermediate gears 544 of the carriage from the intermediate gears 545 of the machinebody. In accordance With'the'. disclosure of the last mentioned patents,- operation of the clearout mechanism is effective to rock bails 640 and 641 counterclockwise (Fig. 2) thus allowing fingers 543 to be moved from engagement with the notches 542 of the hubs 541; also, as set forth in said patents, the raising of carriage 2 is erTective to rock shaft 527 to remove pawls 693 from restraining engagement With storage gears 540. Therefore, since storage gears 540 are freed from fingers 543 and pawls 693, springs 538 will drive storage wheels 524 clockwise and storage gears 540 counterclockwise to their original settings as determined by the settings of the locked constant factor gears 537.

Constant factor locking comb In accordance with the present invention, the gears 537 r are adapted to be locked at any digital setting thereof by an upstanding manually operable constant factor lever 23 (Figs. 1, 3, 5, 9) rotatably mounted at the right-hand side of the carriage on shaft 705 which supports numeral wheels 13. An interponent 24 having a generally tapered body portion is pivoted in the main carriage 2 and is biased toward the left of the machine (clockwise in Fig. 5) by a relatively heavy spring 25 so that its left side engages lever 23. In rearward inactive position, lever 23 is engaged by a wide portion of the tapered interponent and thereby blocks the interponent against clockwise movement. Manual adjustment of the lever to forward active position (shown in broken lines in Fig. 3) aligns its stem with a narrower portion of the tapered interponent thus allowing limited clockwise movement of the latter. The forward end of interponent 24 is adapted to engage an upstanding projection 21b at the right end of comb 21 whereby the comb is thereupon shifted to the left to place its teeth 21a in locking engagement with gears 537.

In accordance with the present invention, a multiplier entry operation may be initiated with lever 23 in active position. During the operation, any values standing in gears 537 and storage wheels 524 will be removed, and a new constant factor multiplier previously set up on digit keys 18 will be entered. In order to permit these functions to be carried out even though locking comb 21 is in left-hand, operated position, provision is made whereby the comb is automatically rendered ineffective during the two-cycle multiplier entry operation and is then rendered effective at the conclusion of the operation. A clearout operation initiated after a subsequent multiplication program will then be effective to return storage wheels 52 i and storage gears 5413 to the constant factor setting of the locked gears 537, in the manner described previously.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that the invention makes it possible to change from one constant factor setting to another in simplified fashion merely by leaving lever 23 in forward active position. If the operator desires to change the constant factor setting of gears 537, the new constant factor is set up on keys l8 and key 6 depressed. In the two-cycle multiplier entry operation tiated thereby, gears 5. 7 and wheels 524 will be cleared oft e'p-revious value (by suitable mechanism to be described shortly) durin g the plus cycle while the new multiplier is being entered into the accumulator wheels 13;

during the minus cycle, the new multiplier will be set into v as described previously.

wheels5'24 and gears 540, 537 in the customary manner M u/tiplier, stordge resetting means The clearing of gears 537 is effected during the plus -.eycle by a resetting comb 30 slidably mounted in a longislot 31 cut in shaft 20 on which said gears are tridinal journalled. Shaft is rotatably supported in subcarriage 525, and is adapted to be turned through one complete revolution counterclockwise (Figs. 2, 9) during the initial or plus cycle of the multiplier entry operation. Such rotation of shaft 20, together with comb supported therein, will cause the comb teeth 30a to engage cooperable clearing pins 32 fixed to gears 537 and thereby restore said gears to home position. The resetting of gears 537 will cause storage wheels 524 and storage gears 540 to be reset through the abutting pins 524a, 537a fixed to said wheels and gears 537 respectivel Rigid with the right-hand end of resetting comb 30 is a longitudinal sleeve 33 (Figs. 5, 7, 9) which is closed at one end and slidably embraces the flattened right-hand end of shaft 20. A compression spring 34 seated at one end in an axial hole of the shaft bears at its other end against the closed end of sleeve 33, urging the sleeve into engagement with a member 35. Comb 30 is therefore normally biased to right-hand ineffective position where its teeth 30a lie to the right and out of registration with the corresponding clearing pins 32 fixed to gears 537. Member 35 is fastened to the main carriage 2 to the right of sleeve 33, and is provided with an axial slot 35a into which a longitudinal tapered projection 33a of the sleeve extends in the normal full cycle position of shaft 20. In this position, teeth 35a are disposed a short distance to the rear of the pins 32 of any unset (zero registering) gear 537 as shown in Figs. 2 and 9. When shaft 20 commences counterclockwise rotation in the plus cycle, the sloping surface of projection 33a will engage the edge of slot 35a, thereby camming sleeve 33 together with comb 30 to the left to place the comb teeth 30a in position to engage pins 32. The timing of this operation is such that comb 30 will not have moved longitudinally into effective position until the teeth 36a have rotated past the pins 32 of any zero registering gears 537; however, the comb will be cammed longitudinally to effective resetting position before it reaches the 9 position of pins 32. Accordingly, any gear 537 which registers a significant value will be returned to unset position by teeth 36a. During the resetting operation comb 30 will be held displaced in effective position by projection 33a riding on the left-hand end face of member 35. Near the end of the single cycle of rotation of shaft 20, projection 33a will move into axial alignment with slot 35a of said member, allowing compression spring 34 to shift sleeve 33 towards the right-hand side of the machine thereby returning comb 30 to normal ineffective position.

The power to operate shaft 20 is taken from the digital actuator drive shaft 4 by a power train which includes a sleeve 40 slidably journalled on shaft 527. The power train, whichwill be described in detail subsequently, is so constructed and arranged that sleeve 40 will be driven through one revolution clockwise (Figs. 8, 9) during the plus cycle but will not be driven during the minus cycle. A gear 41 fixed on the left (right in Pig. 9) end of sleeve 40 is in constant mesh with a like gear 42 fast on shaft 20' whereby shaft 2% is rotated counterclockwise upon rotation of the sleeve. Sleeve 40 is constrained for longitudinal movement with subcarriage 525 by means of one of the partition plates 525a of the latter extending into a peripheral groove 4% formed on the enlarged right-hand end portion of the sleeve.

A detent arm 43 pivoted on the right side of said last mentioned plate 525a as shown in Fig. 8 is biased clockwise by a spring 44- toward sleeve 40, and is provided with an inwardly extendingprojection 43a which is normally seatedin a complemental recess i-llb formed in ing comb 21, if previously adjusted to leftward operated position by manual adjustment of lever 23 to forward position, will be automatically rendered ineffective during both cycles of the multiplier entry operation. As briefly mentioned earlier, such provision is necessan to permit the gears 537, storage wheels 524, and storage gears 540 to be reset to zero during the plus cycle and to allow digital adjustment of these elements to the new multiplier value during the minus cycle. During the plus cycle, comb 21 will be disabled by being restored rightwardly to unoperated position against the urge of interponent 24 as follows. The comb is formed at its righthand end with a forward projection 45 which includes an oblique cam edge 45a normally disposed a short distance to the right of the upper end of the previously described detent arm 43. However, when comb 21 is shifted to the left in response to manual operation of lever 23, cam edge 45a will lie in front of the detent arm. Upon initiation of rotation of sleeve 40 in the plus cycle, projection 43a of arm 43 will be camrned forwardly out of recess 4% to ride on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve, causing said arm to engage cam edge 45a and thereby return the comb to unoperated position. At the conclusion of the single revolution of sleeve 40, recess 40b will move into registration with propection 43a, allowing arm 43 to swing rearwardly into detenting relation with the sleeve. Comb 21 is thereupon free to be restored to operated position by spring 25 acting through interponent 24.

During the subsequent minus cycle, comb 21, even though in operated position, will nevertheless be ineifec tive to lock the constant factor gears 537 against rotation for the following reason. It will be recalled that subcarriage 525 is shifted to the left at the conclusion of the plus cycle in order to mesh the multiplier storage gears 540 with the intermediate gears 544. Since gears 537 are carried by the subcarriage, they will be moved in like direction and accordingly will be removed from the restraint of comb 21. During the minus cycle, gears 537 will be digitally adjusted to the new multiplier value, and near the termination of the operation the rightwardly directed normalizing movement of the subcarriage will return said gears to locked engagement with the teeth 21a of the comb.

Resetting drive train The aforementioned resetting power train from digital actuator shaft 4 to and including sleeve 40 will now be described. Provided to the right of and in axial alignment with shaft 4 is a stub shaft 50 (Figs. 3, 5, 9). Shaft 50 is rotatably and slidably mounted in the stationary main body portion 10 of the machine, its right-hand end being slidably journalled in an upstanding arm 51 fixed to the shaft upon which gear 404 is mounted. At its left-hand end, said stub shaft is provided with an axial tongue Sim adapted to be closely received in a complementary diametral slot 52 formed-in the adjacent end of actuator shaft 4, thereby coupling said shafts for rotation as a unit. However, when the main carriage 2 is out of its leftmost position, stub shaft 50 is maintained shifted toward the right with tongue 50a disengaged from slot 52 by a compression spring 53. Spring 53 embraces shaft 50 and bears at its respective opposite ends on a collar 54 rigid with the right-hand end of the shaft, and a gear 55 slidably splined on the shaft for rotation therewith. Gear 55 is adapted to. drive a gear 56, but is normally'rnaintained to the left thereof under the urge of spring'53. Formed integrally on the left side of gear 55 is a concentric frusto-conical cam porthe periphery of the enlarged right-hand end of the" sleeve.

Sleeve 4tl-and therefore shaft 20 and resetting.

comb 30are'thereby' yieldably detented in normal full cycle angular position.

Disablement oflocking comb during niultiplier entry 3 Means are provided whereby the constant factor locktion 55a. A stop collar 57 through which shaft '50 passes is fixed in the body portion of the machine to the left of gear-55 and is normally engaged .by the adjacent'base of cam 55a and accordingly serves to limit the leftward movement of said gear Shaftf50-and gear 55 are normally locked in full cycle angular position by means of a laterally extending pin 51a of arm 51 adapt- 9 ed to be closely received in a radial slot 54a of collar 54.

Secured to the rightmost end of shaft 527 for shifting movement with main carriage 2 is a depending arm 58. Arm 58 is so disposed that when the carriage is shifted into leftmost position as shown in the drawings, said arm will engage collar and thereby shift stub shaft 50 in like direction an amount sufficient to disengage pin 51a from slot 540 and position tongue within slot 52 of the actuator shaft 4. With the parts so adjusted, any rotary movement of shaft i will impart like movement to shaft 50 and gear 55. it shculd be noted that gear 55, which is mounted in the body of the machine, is provided with an angular cut-out 55b, best seen in Figs. 3 and 9, for the purpose of providing clearance for certain otherwise interfering portions of the carriage and subcarriage structure when the carriage is shifted to the right of its leftmost position. The above de scribed coupling Ella, 52 between shafts 4 and Si), which is enabled only when the carriage is to the left, insures that gear 55 will not be driven into jamming engagement with said interfering structure when the carriage is in any position to the right.

It will be recalled that depression of key 526 to initiate a two-cycle multiplier entry operation causes slide 558 to be displaced to the rear. In the rearward movement of said slide, a pin 6% (Figs. 3, 5) fixed thereto will engage the frusto-conical surface of cam 55a and will thus shift gear 55 to the right into driving relation with gear 56. When slide 558 returns to forward unoperated position at the conclusion of the multiplier entry operation, spring 53 will restore gear 55 leftwardly out of the plane of gear 56.

Gear 56 (Fig. 9) is rotatably mounted on a sleeve 61 which in turn is rotatably journalled on shaft 527. A detent pawl 62 pivoted on the main carriage 2 is spring urged into engagement with teeth of gear 56. Formed integrally on the right side of the gear is a concentric toothed annulus 63 which serves as the driving member of a unidirectional toothed jaw ratchet clutch. The driven member of the clutch comprises a collar 64 slidably keyed to sleeve 61 for rotation therewith and provided with one or more driven clutch teeth 6411. A spring 65 compressed between arm 58 at'the right end of shaft 527 and collar 64 respectively, maintains the two clutch portions 64, 63 in yielding contact and also urges a left- Wardly extending locator collar 66 of gear 56 into engagement with the right-hand end plate of main carriage 2 Sleeve 61 extends through gear 56 and terminates some distance to the left thereof in an enlarged portion 6ft: adjacent the right-hand end of sleeve 40. As described earlier, sleeve 4-0 is rotated clockwise during the plus cycle to effect operation of resetting comb 3% for clearing the multiplier storage devices. For this purpose sleeve 40 is adapted to be driven by sleeve 61 through a coupling comprising longitudinally extending integral tongues 70 of sleeve 40 slidably received in corresponding closely fitting axial slots 71 formed in enlarged portion 61a of sleeve 61.

During the plus cycle of the multiplier entry operation, the'digital actuator shaft 4 will rotate in counterclockwise direction driving clutch member 63 clockwise through gear 55. In this reg'ardit will be recalled that depression of multiplier. entry key 526 will cause rearward movement of slide 558 thereby shifting gear 55 into meshable relation with gear 56. As will be readily apparent from an inspection of Figs. 5 and 9, the tooth configuration of clutch 63, 64 is such that clockwise movement of member 63 will. .be effective to drive member M, and therefore sleeves 61 and 40 in like direction;

'while counterclockwise rotation of member 63 durin'g the 64, the latterb'eing yieldably restrained against rotation by the aforedescribed detent arm 43 acting through sleeve 40, coupling /'@71, and sleeve 61 to which said driven member 64 is slidably keyed.

It may be noted that the rotary drive coupling between sleeves er and 4t afforded by slots 7i. and tongues 70 axially slidable therein permits sleeve 40 to be shifted axially a short distance away from sleeve 6-1 and still remain in driven relation therewith. Such provision is necessary for the following reason. The driving rotary movement of sleeve 61, which is transmitted to resetting shaft 29 and comb 30 through sleeve 40 and gear train 41, 42, will not be terminated until a short time after the subcarriage 525, together with sleeve 40, is shifted to the left near the end of the plus cycle to mesh the intermediate gears 544 with the multiplier storage gears However, even through sleeve 40 is moved away from sleeve 61, tongues 70 will nevertheless remain in driven engagement with a portion of the side walls of slots 71. V

Operation With the carriage standing in leftmost position for multiplier entry, arm 58 will maintain stub shaft 5%) shifted to the left in coupled relation with the digital actuator shaft ithrough the cooperating tongue and slot 5%ia52. Depression of key 526 will shift gear 55 to the right into registration with gear 5'6, and will initiate the two cycle multiplier entry program comprising a plus cycle during which the multiplier value set on the keyboard will be entered into the accumulator register 13, a leftward shift of subcarriage 525, and a minus cycle during which the multiplier will be removed from register 13 and entered into the multiplier storage wheels 524 and constant factor gears 537. Rotation of the actuator shaft 4 during the plus cycle Will be effective to drive shaft 2i through the drive train provided by shaft 5%, gears 55-5fi,. unidirectional ratchet clutch 636-i, sleeve 61, coupling 71-7rl, sleeve 4-45, and gears 4142. Resetting comb 30 mounted on shaft 2 3 will thereby operate to reset the multiplier storage mechanism to home position. During the reverse rotation of actuator shaft 4 in the minus cycle, clutch 6364 will be ineffective to transmit power and consequently shaft 25) and resetting comb 30 will remain idle.

If, when key 526 is depressed, the constant factor locking comb 21 stands in left-hand active position by virtue of manual forward adjustment oflever 2,3, the comb will be rendered ineffective during the plus cycle by detent arm 43 and during the minus cycle by the leftward shift of subcarria'ge 525. If lever 23 stands in rearward inactive position, comb 2-1 will remain in disabled position and Will not be affected by the multiplier entry program.

CONCLUSlON From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the mechanism of the present invention allows a. constant factor digital settingof the multiplier storage mechanism to be changed in a highly simplified fashion not requiring manual operation of the constant factor control lever with each change in the factor. Thus, lever 23 may be allowed to remain in active position and each successive constant factor entered directly over the preceding factor, the latter being cleared out as an incident to the set-up of a new factor. In this regard, each multi plier entered may be set up as a constant factor Whether or not it is desired to employ any particular multiplier as a constant factor, since the entry of a subsequent multiplier is effective to clear a previous value from the multiplier storage mechanism. In fact, manual control over lever 23 can, if desired, be dispensed with and the stem of the lever permanently disposed in forwardactive position allowing interponent 24 to yieldably maintain locking comb 21 in left-handoperated position at all times.

In such an arrangement, the mechanism will permanently be conditioned for constant factor operation, and a stored 11 multiplier will remain as a constant factor until it is removed as an incident to entering a new multiplier.

However, it may be preferable or even necessary to include manual control of lever 23 so that locking comb 21 can be disabled at the option of the operator. For example, the machine may include product transfer means such as disclosed in Patent 2,531,208, issued to Herman Gang, November 21, 1950. The mechanism of that patent provides means whereby the product of a multiplication can be transferred from the accumulator register to the multiplier storage mechanism following the calculation. With lever 23 (and therefore comb 21) adjusted to inactive position preceding the calculation, the multiplier used therein will not be restored following the calculation. Accordingly, the product may be immediately transferred to the multiplier storage mechanism without first clearing the prior multiplier therefrom.

It should be noted that depression of multiplier entry key 526 with lever 23 in either of its positions of adjustment will be effective to initiate a two cycle set-up program during'the first of which cycles the multiplier storage mechanism will be cleared of any value previously standing therein.

Many modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the invention will now be apparent in the light of the foregoing specific description of an illustrative embodiment of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended to include such modifications and equivalents within the scope of protection sought, as defined by the appended claims.

We claim:

1. In a calculating machine having differentially ad justable factor storage mechanism comprising factor storage devices and constant factor means for controlling restoration of said storage devices to a selected value, and means for locking said constant factor means in differentially adjusted position; differential value entering means operable to enter a value into said storage mechanism', and means automatically operable to render said locking means inefiective during operation of said value entering means.

2. In a calculating machine having differentially adjustable factor storage mechanism comprising factor storage devices and constant factor means for controlling restoration of said storage devices to a selected value, and means for locking said constant factor means in differentially adjusted position; differential value entering means, means for initiating a program comprising two sequential operations of said value entering means, said value entering means being operable to enter a factor into said factor storage mechanism during the second of said operations, means operable during said program and prior to said second operation for resetting said factor. storage mechanism. and means operable to render said locking means ineffective during said resetting operation and during said second operation.

' 3. In a calculating machine having differentially adjustable factor storage mechanism comprising factor storage devices and constant factor means for controlling restoration of said storage devices to a selected value, and means for locking said constant factor means in differentially adjusted position; reversible differential value entering means, drive means for said value entering means, means for initiating a program comprising two sequential operations of said value entering means, said value entering means being operable to enter a factor into said factor storage mechanism during the second of.

said operations, means operable during the first of'said operations for resetting said factorstorage mechanism,

a drive'train between said drive means and said resetting means, and means operable to render said locking means ineffective during said first and second operations.

4. ,The invention according to claim 3, saiddrive train including a unidirectional coupling which is effective to 12 transmit power during said first operation and is ineffective during said second operation.

5. In a calculating machine having differentially adjustable factor storage mechanism including factor storage devices and constant factor means for controlling restoration of said storage devices to a selected value, and means for locking said constant factor means in differentially adjusted position; cyclically operable differential value entering means, means for initiating a program comprising two successive cycles of operation of said value entering means, said value entering means being operable to enter a factor into said factor storage mechanism during the second of said cycles, means operable during the first of said cycles for resettingsaid factor storage mechanism, and means operable to render said locking means ineffective during said first and second cycles.

6. In a calculating machine having means for initiating a calculation, differentially adjustable storage mechanism for storing a factor to be used in said calculation including differentially adjustable storage devices adapted to have said factor counted therefrom in the course of said calculation and constant factor means for controlling restoration of said factor to said storage devices following said calculation, and means for locking said constant factor means in differentially adjusted position; cyclic-ally operable differential value entering means, means for initiating a program comprising two successive cycles of operation of said value entering means, said value entering means being operable to enter a value into said storage meohanism during the second of said cycles, means operable during the first of said cycles for resetting said storage mechanism, and means automatically operable to render said locking means ineffective during said first and second cycles.

7. In a calculating machine having means for initiating a multiplication program, differentially adjustable multiplier storage mechanism including multiplier storage devices adapted to have a multiplier counted therefrom in the course of said multiplication program and constant factor means for controlling restoration of said multiplier to said storage devices following said program, and means for locking said constant factor means in differentially adjusted position; cyclically operable differential value entering means, means for initiating a factor set-up program comprising two successive cycles of operation of said value entering means, said value entering means being operable to enter a multiplier into said storage mechanism during the second of said cycles, means operable in response to operation of said initiating means for resetting said storage mechanism during the first of said cycles, and means automatically operable to render said locking means ineffective during said first and second cycles.

8. In a calculating machine having a product register, means for initiating a multiplication program, differentially adjustable multiplier storage mechanism including multiplier storage devices adapted to have a multiplier counted therefrom in the course of said program and constant factor means for controlling restoration of said multiplier to said storage devices following said program, and means for locking said constant factor means in differentially adjusted position; reversible cyclically operable differential value entering means, means for initiating a multiplier set-up program comprising two arithmetically equal but unlike-in-sign cycles of operation of said value'entering means during the first of which registration is effectedin the product register only and during the second of which registration is effected in the product -register and the multiplier storage mechanism, means for resetting said multiplier storage mechanism during said first cycle, and means automatically operable to render 1 said locking means ineffective during said'first and second cycles. 7

'9. In a. calculating-machine having differentially settable factorstorage devices, cyclically operable rotary,

reversible difierential value entering means for saidstorage devices, and reversible rotary drive means for said value entering means; means for initiating a program comprising a first cycle of said value entering means in a given direction followed by a second cycle in the reverse direc- 5 tion, said value entering means being operable to enter a factor into said storage devices during said second cycle, resetting means for said value entering means, a normally disabled drive train between said drive means and said resetting means, means operable in response to initiation of said program for enabling said drive train, and a unidirectional coupling in said drive train which is eficctive to transmit power to said resetting means during the first cycle of said value entering means and is inefiective during said second cycle.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

